cung hạ
Definition
- Verb:
- To respectfully offer congratulations; to extend formal good wishes: "Cung hạ" is a formal and respectful verb used to express congratulations, especially on occasions like the New Year, promotions, weddings, or other auspicious events. It conveys a sense of deference and politeness.
Usage Examples
- Verb:
- Tôi xin cung hạ gia đình ngài nhân dịp năm mới. (I respectfully offer my New Year's wishes to your family.)
- Chúng tôi đến để cung hạ ông bà nhân lễ mừng thọ. (We have come to respectfully congratulate you, grandparents, on your longevity celebration.)
Advanced Usage
"Cung hạ tân niên": To offer respectful New Year's greetings.
- Sáng mùng một Tết, con cháu đến cung hạ tân niên ông bà. (On the first morning of Tet, the grandchildren come to respectfully offer New Year's greetings to their grandparents.)
"Cung hạ tân lang, tân nương": To respectfully congratulate the new bride and groom.
- Mọi người cùng đứng dậy cung hạ tân lang, tân nương. (Everyone stood up to respectfully congratulate the new bride and groom.)
Variants and Related Words
Chúc mừng (Verb): To congratulate. (A more common and general synonym, less formal than "cung hạ").
- Chúng tôi chúc mừng bạn đã tốt nghiệp. (We congratulate you on your graduation.)
Chúc tụng (Verb): To praise, to extol; sometimes used in formal/congratulatory contexts.
- Mọi người chúc tụng những thành tựu của ông ấy. (Everyone praised his achievements.)
Synonyms
- Kính chúc: To respectfully wish.
- Chúc phúc: To bless, to wish well.
Related Phrases / Idioms
"Cung hạ phát tài": (A respectful wish for) prosperity and wealth.
- Nhân dịp khai trương, xin cung hạ phát tài. (On the occasion of your grand opening, I respectfully wish you prosperity.)
"Cung hạ vạn sự như ý": (A respectful wish for) ten thousand things to go as desired.
- Năm mới, cung hạ ngài vạn sự như ý. (In the New Year, I respectfully wish you all the best.)